Guinn v. United States
Conflict: When Oklahoma joined the United States, its
legislative agreed to let men of all races vote, as the 15th amendment stated. However
the Oklahoma state began to pass laws pertaining to the process of voting such
as literacy tests. These tests were mandatory and could only be bypassed if the
grandfather of the voter could be validated as a foreigner or a military
soldier before 1866. Of course this rule oppressed the African-American
population because most of their families were in the country for generations
and they had no soldiers in their families.
Output: The U.S Supreme Court declared the grandfather
clauses in the Maryland and Oklahoma constitutions to be a violation of the
Fifteenth Amendment and therefore null and void. This also affected similar
laws in the constitutions of Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, and
Virginia.
Case #2
Georgia v. Ashcroft
Conflict: Following the 2000 Census, the
Democratic-controlled Georgia legislature passed a redistricting plan that was
backed by many black leaders because it would have spread black voters and
influence across several districts rather than concentrating them in a select
few. Georgia's Republican governor objected to the plan because he said it
violated the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which discourages the dilution of
minority voting strength.
Output: The U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia
rejected the legislature's plan.
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